ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of direct trocar insertion using optical trocar in the establishment of the primary port during trans-peritoneal laparoscopic surgical procedures.Methods A prospective study was conducted by collecting the data of 120 patients who should be performed abdominal laparoscopic surgery from April 2015 to December 2015.The 120 patients were randomly divided into a research group and a control group.The research group consisted of 34 male patients and 26 female patients,mean age was (52.0 ± 11.9) years and mean BMI was (24.9 ± 2.9) kg/m2.In research group,patients were positioned laterally with the flank padded and elevated.A predetermined position was drawn prior to surgery between the umbilicus and lateral rectus abdominis,for the creation of the primary laparoscopic trocar port.The predetermined point was incised,and then the method of direct trocar insertion using the optical access trocar was used for establishment of the primary port.After this maneuver was completed the surgery continued as indicated.The control group consisted of 36 male patients and 24 female patients,whose mean age was (52.9 ± 11.4) years and mean BMI was (25.2 ± 2.4) kg/m2.This group underwent the traditional method of port construction by incision into the abdomen.The time of constructing the passage,leakage rate,bleeding rate,and injury rate of abdominal organs were compared.Results In research group,the time of building primary port was clearly shorter than that in control group (2.7min vs.15.9min,P ＜ 0.05),the leakage rate was also obviously reduced compared to that in control group (0 vs.30％,P ＜ 0.05).Neither groups observed any significant bleeding nor visceral organ damage throughout the study.Conclusion Direct trocar insertion using optical trocar to establish observation port is a highly efficient and safe method in trans-peritoneal laparoscopic operation,which should be research thoroughly in clinical practice.
ABSTRACT
Objetivo: realizar una revisión detallada de las complicaciones de la cirugía laparoscópica en ginecología, con énfasis en las relacionadas con la entrada a la cavidad peritoneal dada su alta frecuencia. Materiales y métodos: se realizó una búsqueda detallada de literatura publicada en inglés a través de PubMed/MEDLINE, Ovid y registro de revisiones sistemáticas y estudios aleatorizados controlados de Cochrane, usando como palabras clave "laparoscopic entry", "trocars injury", "laparoscopy complications", "laparoscopic injury" y "optical trocars". Se seleccionaron principalmente metaanálisis, estudios clínicos aleatorizados, guías clínicas, artículos de revisión y series de casos. Resultados: se seleccionaron 36 artículos, 2 metaanálisis, 3 estudios clínicos aleatorizados, 1 guía clínica, 11 revisiones sistemáticas, 10 revisiones de tema y 9 series de casos. Las complicaciones de la cirugía laparoscópica son raras, se presentan con mayor frecuencia durante la entrada y generalmente son de origen vascular, intestinal y urológico. Igualmente, pueden presentarse complicaciones por el neumoperitoneo y por electrocirugía. Otras complicaciones que ocurren con menor frecuencia son la neurológicas, las hernias incisionales, las metástasis por el sitio de entrada, las infecciones, los hematomas y la formación de adherencias. Conclusiones: la laparoscopia es un procedimiento relativamente seguro. Sin embargo, hay que ser muy cuidadoso en el momento del acceso a la cavidad abdominal, porque la mayoría de complicaciones ocurren durante la entrada.
Objective: carrying out a detailed review of complications arising from laparoscopic surgery used in gynecology, emphasizing those related to entering the peritoneal cavity as being the most frequently presented. Materials and methods: a detailed search was made of literature published in English in PubMed/ MEDLINE, Ovid and the Cochrane database of systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials using the following key words: "laparoscopic entry", "trocars injury", "laparoscopy complications", "laparoscopic injury" and "optical trocars". Metanalysis, randomized clinical studies, clinical guidelines, review articles and case series were mainly selected. Results: 36 articles, 2 metanalyses, 3 randomized clinical studies, 1 clinical guide, 11 systematic reviews, 10 topic reviews and 9 case series were selected. Complications rarely arise during laparoscopic surgery; they occur most frequently duringentry and are generally o fvascular, intestinal or urological origin .Complications may likewise be presented by pneumoperitoneum and electrosurgery. Less frequently occurring complications are neurological in origin or involve incisional hernias, metastasis at the entry site, infections, hematomas and adherence formation. Conclusions: laparoscopy represents a relatively safe procedure; however, great care must be taken when gaining access to the abdominal cavity as most complications occur during such entry.